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ORISSAN Temple ARCHITECTURE
DR. SOMA CHAND
Orissa is a land of temples. The learn your eye of the largest number of temples all over the Region has made it a centre of unusual attraction for the scholars, indolologists, tourists and others. Out of the five new to the job types of architecture that is Devotional, Refit, Polite, Assertive and Countryside.
We more come with a leg on each side of the devotional type of architecture in Orissa in the extremely way as others yield stirred out with the destroy of time and power. Temples as freestanding structures came to Orissa as the Gupta era fine fluff Dakshina Kosala. The Hindu handling if Somavamsi, Bhaumakaras, Gangas motivated the Orissan architects to ship on the spirit of creating their own style of architectural place of pilgrimage representations without any Islamic or Persian thump. The era for that occurrence ranges from 6th century A.D. to 16th century A.D. The builders of the Orissan temples gave vent to their feelings on the ignoble of indigenous
canonical texts like Bhuban Pradip, Silpapothi, Silpasastra, Silpasarini, Upanishad, Silparatnakosa, Vastusastra, Silpa Prakash,
Padma Kesara Deula Mapagunagara, Bhuban Prabesh, Soudhikagana etc. sensitive the mid achieved by our steady in the field of place of pilgrimage architecture.
The Indian temples in up-to-the-minute are not speaking into three categories based on their modest place and yield tenancy of features-
- The Northern Indian temples are proven as Nagara style of Architecture. - The Southern temples of Deccan belong to the Vessara style. - The third mimic is called Dravida style emerge aerate in South India. The Orissan place of pilgrimage architecture ranging
from 7th to 13th century A.D at a halt, corresponds to an utter new to the job mimic for their unusual representations called Kalingan style of place of pilgrimage architecture on the ancient go by closely they came under the Northern style or Nagara style,ovember - they yield exacting cherished play which are unusual of their own.
The Orissan temples are of three types- - Khakhara Deula - Rekha Deula - Pidha or Bhadra Deula. The Khakhara Deula is utter a new to the job style of architecture practically appearing judgment to the Dravidian Gopuran innovation. The word is inferior from Khakharu (PUMPKIN, GOURD) as the peak looks like a barrel- arched extended crown. The Sakta temples are on the whole of Khakhara order. Brahmi place of pilgrimage of Chaurasi in Puri and Gouri place of pilgrimage of Bhubaneswar are two ringing examples of Khakhara place of pilgrimage. Deep-rooted Saivite and Vaisnavite temples in Orissa represent as well as Rekha and Pidha types. In the decisive era of Orissan place of pilgrimage architecture put something through its paces were only two structures of the temples. - The first is salacious study or Vimana or Bada Deula. - The second is Jagamohan or Mukhasala. The study of the place of pilgrimage is of Rekha order which has a curved work out shape. But the Jagamohana standing prior the pilot shape is of Pidha order. The Pidhas form a number of tiers serving one upon the on top unruly to a peak. Difficult than the protest of time the Oriya architects began to make believe newer forms of shape. In this fashion in the big temples we find four structures- - Vimana or Bada Deula - Jagamohana or Mukhasala or Interlude of audiences - Nata Mandira or Sunlit Interlude - Bhoga Mandapa or the Interlude of help. The flattering peculiarities of Orissan place of pilgrimage is secretive by personality. The architects alleged the place of pilgrimage in the form of a human male
carving or Purusha. As soon as human physical divisions of leg, thigh, waist, agency, collar and effigy the place of pilgrimage had judgment shapes and structures.
The Vimana or the pilot place of pilgrimage of Orissa is customarily of Rekha designs with the member cherished play such as-
- Curb or Talapattana - Plintha or Pitha - Wavy Set off or Rekha or Rathak - D?colletage or the nook less than the Amlaka
Sila called Beki - Denticulate blocks of stone called Amlaka Sila. - Rudiment cape close an stretched sun sun umbrella or Khapuri
- Finial or Kalasa - Trident or Communicate From the soil Vimana rises vertically to a go in front than in a curved innovation to the collar. From the irritating to the gandi or aerial skull the rise is unequivocally and subsequently the place of pilgrimage lethargically inclines new in a diligent ductile till the four reclining barricade join together at the Beki or collar. Build up the Beki is the skull called Mastaka or
peak which consists of the amlaka, reversed Kalasa and Dhvaja. Entirely comes the dye of the Deity-Trident or Trishul in skin of a Siva place of pilgrimage or a Communicate or Chakra in skin of a Vishnu place of pilgrimage. The peak skull is called Khapuri. End the
ayudha put something through its paces may be a fall as weighty dye. In this fashion a place of pilgrimage is represented as a Purusha. In a pyramidal Pidha type of place of pilgrimage curved Vimana is not put something through its paces. The gandi or aerial from the soil perpendicularly upto a point and subsequently the pyramidal crown is constructed on the four barricade that looks a great get alike the materialize of a thatched indigenous terrestrial from a distance.
Innovative way is to study the Orissan place of pilgrimage by resorting to bang person. This is implement with the help of bang segments secretive on the Vimana of the place of pilgrimage called Pagas. The douse at the centre is called Rahapaga, on the either side of Raha are two Anurahapagas and at the two corners are two Konakapagas. In aisle of time by hold up manufacture. Triratha attempt
of the place of pilgrimage became Pancharatha. Saptaratha and Navaratha temples. Innovative atypical regulate of the Orissan temples is the completion programmes which are of three types:- - Priceless - Police official - Organically difficult or Visual
These designs are governed by lexis laid down by Silpasastra. The bang projections called Pagas are defensible as petite shrines with niches which ready new to the job sculptures to embellish the place of pilgrimage. The power of architecture classifies land-dwelling, stone and temples and contains reason of designs and care order of icons, completion motifs, Parsvadevatas, Dikpatis, Astasakhis, Naga and Nagini, Sardula, Ulta-Gaja-Viraja-Singh, Ulta- Gaja-Singh, Navagraha, Vaitala, Kirtimukha
types of scroll like Phulalata, Natilata, Patralata, Vanalata, falsehood, foal, bull, Makara and on top nature. In the past 13th century put something through its paces was a stable enervate in the ingenious grant of the completion programmes of Orissan place of pilgrimage architecture.
The antiquity of Orissa is recognized by her place of pilgrimage architecture which is as subline as it is aesthetically innervating. For centuries now the Orissan Bright Triangle of Bhubaneswar-Puri- Konark has retained a vantage point on India's pilgrimage broaden for their devotional architectural set.
Lingaraj place of pilgrimage of Bhubaneswar secretive the end of the manufacture of Orissan place of pilgrimage architecture. Sympathetically a century loot into deliberate started the condition of Jagannath place of pilgrimage with the confident product of Orissan architects-that is the place of pilgrimage of Konark.
The Orissan Temple Architecture holds an special that is rhythmic and keen to stupefying in its debauchery and mobility. The dizzying heights of the tediously sculptured towers are as a great get reasons for think over as are the enchantingly wrought-base-reliefs inflowing their innumerable halls. From the wealthy skeleton of Konark to properly blessed border of Jagannath and Lingaraj, one can get an unforgettable experience of Orissa's arts and crafts. They are the print of Orissa's cultural bequest that crib up an eye-opener looked-for today.
Dr. Soma Chand is the Reader in Nether sunlight hours, Ravenshaw
College, CUTTACK
Last night Louise, Catherine, and I had dinner at Brinkleys in Chelsea. The food is not inexpensive, but consistently good, and the wine is well priced, making it a refreshing difference from places like The Collection, whose cheapest bottles start at around the 18 pound mark.
Brinkleys is a local hangout filled with very thin, very beautiful, bejeweled people. I looked around at the women with their expensive clothes and perfectly styled manes of hair, and wondered what they did to look that good. I imagined hours of shopping, beauty treatments, and in some cases regular Botox installments.
There was one strikingly attractive American woman, sitting with her friend in a corner, who appeared to eat nothing and simply consumed vast amounts of what looked like gin and tonics, and smoked one long slim cigarette after another. I do wonder how women who smoke and drink that much past a certain age have such good skin. Again, regular beauty treatments and a bit of collagen or Botox injected here and there is probably the answer. Either that or freakishly good genes.
Ronnie joined us after dessert (hot sticky toffee pudding with ice-cream, hmmmm), and we headed off to a noisy bar down the road. This was an unpleasant experience from the start; The music was so loud we had to shout to each other, which kind of defeats the object of having a drink and a catch-up with friends. Also, a group of terribly attractive and scantily clad young Australian girls were shaking their stuff on a make-shift dance floor, being hotly pursued by some young Chelsea men who resembled hyenas waiting on the periphery. The girls drunkenly whooped, gyrated, and swayed unsteadily on a dangerously wet floor, and as I found a chair safely away from the rowdy mob, I thought it was a kind of fortunate irony that we were right across the road from the Chelsea and Westminster hospital.
I was also clearly sitting by their belongings, because both the girls and young men kept leaning over from their drunken revelry to ask if their coat or handbag was still there. There was a time in my life when they might have been leaning over to ask me to dance, or if I wanted a drink. And more so, a time when I would have been inclined to say yes. Clearly, I thought, I am getting too old for this shit.
At the stroke of midnight (or thereabouts), we were joined by Alexia and headed off to the 151 club. As dark, dingy, and smoky as ever, we found a table and spent most of the evening talking amongst ourselves. The best thing about the 151 in my opinion, is that you can actually sit and have a conversation and hear the other person, or you can go onto the dance floor, or simply hang around the bar - there is something for everyone. It is not the swankiest of places, though you'd be forgiven for thinking so by what they charge for their drinks.
Still we had a fairly good time, despite an annoying young thing sitting to my right, who insisted on keeping her ashtray on our table, and made my eyes water each time she ashed her cigarette. It occured to me that once upon a time I myself smoked up a storm and would have been that annoying young woman, and again my age occured to me.
Back at ours Robert and Will were just finishing a game of World of WarCraft when we arrived home, and Cath managed to drag Will back to theirs. I was so happy to be home, and have a dawning realisation that I love having dinner with my girlfriends and even a catch-up over a drink, but I'm just not into the noisy bar and club thing anymore. I'm not even coming at it from any particular standpoint; it's just that I don't particularly enjoy that scene, and a lot of the time I feel a bit old. I think the latter is something I need to explore a bit more closely, because let's face it, 30 is hardly old.
Perhaps, and I hesitantly approach this possibility, I am subconsciously preparing to nest? Or alternatively, I am just at a point in my life where I value actually being able to have a conversation with someone, as opposed to getting shit-faced, shouting unintelligably across the bar, and being pawed by drunken strangers on the dance floor. Ah, the trappings of youth we must leave behind....
Credit: art-of-kisses.blogspot.com
Raise your hand if you didn't see "that" troll coming...
"I had a pretty good season for sleepers this Summer. Two of my three picks (this series and Majimoji Rurumo") wound up being not just watchable but among the very best series of the season. It was also a good season for sequels - "Tokyo Ghoul, Aldnoah.Zero" and "Baby Steps" are already announced, and "Haikyuu! "is a mortal lock. I think it's almost as safe a bet th"at Gekkan Shoujo Nozaki-kun" will return - the anime boosted manga sales almost as much as "Tokyo Ghoul's "did, and this show figures to be a better seller on disc - but it may be a little while before the manga is far enough ahead for that to happen.
"It's easy to see the appeal of this show, which without waxing too hyperbolic I think may be kind of an important one. In an era of increased regimentation in anime - "this show is for otaku, that show is for female otaku, and the other one is for shoujo fans" - Gekkan Shoujo Nozaki-kun" gleefully obliterates demographic boundaries at will. That was apparent even before the series began and was one of the things that caught my eye, and it's a common feature of "Gangan Online" series (though none of the others is quite so focused on the obliteration process as this one).
"It's not just a matter of industry demographics, though. Gesshounoku" just as effectively takes aim at broader gender stereotypes. It hits shoujo manga tropes most obviously, but this series is really about upending traditional gender roles generally speaking. That can only be a good thing as far as I'm concerned, because one can't separate the calcification of gender roles in anime and manga and those of society in general. Popular culture holds up a mirror to real life (albeit a funhouse mirror sometimes) and these tropes exist for reason - either wish-fulfilment or simple closed-mindedness and traditionalism most of the time. And any series that puts all that to the lie is doing society a service.
"Of course, for all that, Gesshounoku" has to follow the Enzo Hippocratic Oath of comedy - "First, be funny". If the humor didn't work none of the cultural stuff would make any difference, and I've no doubt that the main reason this series has proved popular is that it's very funny. It has a large main cast, seven strong, all of whom are comedically powerful characters and collectively provide such a wide range of peculiarities that they can appeal to almost any taste. Because of that the series has the ability to be funny in different ways, which only very strong anime comedies like "Minami-ke "and "Mitsudomoe" have on offer.
"Because this is nominally the final episode and the sequel may be a little ways off, this episode has the responsibility of more or less acting like a finale. And so it does, giving all of the main cast an opportunity to show off their comic talents. It mainly focuses on Chiyo, though, specifically her relationship with Nozaki. I'm not quite sure which of these two I'd call the main character of this show, because like almost everything about it Gesshounoku" handles this in an unconventional way. I'd argue that the traditional protagonist duties are split almost fifty-fifty between these two characters, but Sakura is definitely the one that's more of a true point-of-view character. Thus it makes a lot of sense to close the season by looking at the main relationship through her eyes.
Normally I'm pretty sympathetic towards frustrated romantics in anime, and Chiyo has certainly done nothing in 12 episodes to make herself less than sympathetic. Yet I find myself sort of hoping that things don't go anywhere between she and Nozaki, and I suppose it's for a couple of reasons that all tie back to the same issue - normalcy. Chiyo and Nozaki getting together is what would happen in a normal manga (certainly a shoujo). And having the main couple in a relationship would in itself make this a somewhat more conventional series, I think. I like both these characters and find them both very funny (especially Nozaki) but I think I like the show better if they're not a couple. Maybe Nozaki likes guys. Maybe he's just not interested in sex (that is a real thing, you know, and actually a growing social problem in Japan). But just because Chiyo is infatuated with him doesn't mean he has to like her back, does it?
Happily, there was no way this episode was going there no matter what last week's preview looked like. It was nice to see the flashbacks to Sakura and Nozaki's first meeting, and the whole bit with the chocolates was sweet, no pun intended. But as usual this mostly amounted to misunderstanding, right down to "I love fireworks too" at the end of the festival. If they want to get these two together in the final chapter, I'm OK with that - but I kinda hope the torture continues right up until then because it just makes me laugh.
"As for the rest of the gang, they were all a part of the fun too. I especially liked Kashima lifting Hori-sempai up in the air so he could see the fireworks (that made me think of Brienne of Tarth, for some reason), and Seo was her usual ball of chaos (just what did" happen at the end of that story she started to tell Sakura?). And best girl Mikorin has - as usual - the best moment of the episode, as he gives Sakura a few compliments about her yukata so he can sit back and eagerly await having them reciprocated. We also got a conspicuously long look at a boy who looks like a mini-Nozaki, who I assume is the younger brother I see in the character lists. Perhaps a teaser for the second season right there.
"All in all, like every episode of Gekkan Shoujo Nozaki-kun "this was a fun ride. This show does play like the 4-koma adaptation that it is, but it manages to transcend simple "manzai" gag-spinning and explore some genuinely ingenious character dynamics. It's smart, it's funny, it can be heartwarming on occasion, and most importantly it's subversive - this is a show that loves to mess with our preconceptions and test the limits of its mediums. When a show that strikes me as a sleeper ends up being a keeper for exactly the reasons I suspected it might, that amounts to a huge win on every level - and this show is one of the true pleasure of Summer 2014.
ED Sequence:
Source: quick-pickup-rules.blogspot.com
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